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First character

VIN prefixes starting with Z

In NHTSA's catalog, 47 three-character WMIs start with Z, the 12th-largest group of any first character. Of these, 83 percent are registered in Italy, followed by the United States (3). By vehicle type, motorcycles lead with 24 codes; ZDC names the most models (260). There are also 5 six-character codes that begin with Z and carry a 9 in position 3.

Countries of registration

  1. Italy39
  2. No country stated4
  3. United States3
  4. Slovenia1

Holders with the most codes

  1. Maserati3
  2. Stellantis Europe2
  3. Alfa Romeo2
  4. Ferrari2
  5. Automobili Lamborghini2
  6. Piaggio & C.S.P.A.1
  7. Motor Bike Imports1
  8. Moto Meteora1
  9. Carrozzeria Bertone Spa1
  10. Balbi Rimorchi SRL1

Profiled codes, longest model lists first

CodeHolderMakesModel yearsModels
ZFFFerrariFerrari1981–open65
ZD4ApriliaAprilia1994–open54
ZGUMoto Guzzi S.P.AMoto Guzzi1990–open54
ZCGMV Agusta MotorCagiva Motor S.P.A, MV Agusta Motor1980–open52
ZAPPiaggio & C.S.P.A.Piaggio, Piaggio and Vespa, Vespa1995–open49
ZAMMaseratiMaserati1981–open13
ZARAlfa RomeoAlfa Romeo1981–open8
ZACStellantis EuropeDodge, Fiat, Jeep2015–20255
ZFAStellantis EuropeFiat1981–open5

All 47 codes starting with Z

Z 47

  • ZACStellantis Europe
  • ZAMMaserati
  • ZAPPiaggio & C.S.P.A.
  • ZARAlfa Romeo
  • ZASAlfa Romeo
  • ZB0Motor Bike Imports
  • ZB2Moto Meteora
  • ZBBCarrozzeria Bertone Spa
  • ZBGBalbi Rimorchi SRL
  • ZBNBenelli Q.J. SRL
  • ZC2Maserati
  • ZCFIveco Trucks of North American
  • ZCGMV Agusta Motor
  • ZCHDi Blasi Industriale SRL
  • ZD3Betamotor
  • ZD4Aprilia
  • ZDCAmerican Honda Motor
  • ZDMDucati Motor Holding S.P.A.
  • ZFAStellantis Europe
  • ZFBStellantis Europe
  • ZFDFerrari North America
  • ZFFFerrari
  • ZFJCarrozzeria Pezzaioli S.r.l.
  • ZFMFantic Motor
  • ZFRPininfarina
  • ZGRII Toro Italiano
  • ZGUMoto Guzzi S.P.A
  • ZGZOxygen S.P.A
  • ZHKMovitron S.r.l.
  • ZHWAutomobili Lamborghini
  • ZJMMalaguti
  • ZJPPiccoli Motori S.r.l.
  • ZJTItaljet S.r.l.
  • ZKHHusqvarna Motorcycles S.R.L (formerly Known AS Boxer S.r.l., Varese, Italy)
  • ZLFTazzari Gl
  • ZLVMoto Laverda
  • ZN0Swm Motorcycles S.r.l.
  • ZN6Maserati
  • ZNAOmc Axles and Trailers SRL
  • ZNNEnergica Motor
  • ZPBAutomobili Lamborghini
  • ZPRNueva Industria Torinese S.r.l.
  • ZRGTazzari GL Imola SPA
  • ZRPBimota
  • ZSGFerrari
  • ZZ1Tomos d.o.o. Motoindustrija
  • ZZ3Mc Moto, Motoindustrija, d.o.o.

Source: NHTSA vPIC, October 2026 release (database updated October 17, 2026). How the figures are counted: How the catalog is read.